Paternity Tests In Texas ! DNA Paternity Guide

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AABB. Stands for The American Association of Blood Banks Parentage Testing Committee. This is a voluntary inspection and certification organization testing laboratories that are located Virginia.

 

AAFS. Stands for The American Academy of Forensic Sciences. They are the leading forensic organization

 

adenine (A.). One of the four building blocks from which each person’s DNA is composed of.

 

agarose. A gel-like substance added to a DNA sample for separation of the DNA from the proteins in a process called electrophoresis.

 

allele. Another form of a person’s gene. A person has two alleles of every gene. These two alleles may be similar to each other or different. In a geographic area, there may be some alleles of a gene that may be common.

 

ASCLD-LAB. Stands for The American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors Laboratory Accreditation Board. While AABB is a voluntary accrediting organization for testing laboratories, ASCLD-LAB is an accreditation organization for crime laboratories.

 

ASHG. Stands for The American Society of Human Genetics.

 

ASHI. Stands for The American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics.

 

autorad. (which may stand for autoradiogram, autoradiograph or autoradiography) – it is the film exposed by a radioactive tracer.

 

band. The exposed area found on an autorad film that shows a particular DNA fragment from a particular DNA sample.

 

base. The four basic, sequenced chemical units found in a gene that DNA is made up of: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

 

base pair(ing). The complementary pairing up of base A (Adenine) with T (Thymine) and G (Guanine) with C (Cytosine) that can connect the two strands of a DNA molecule together. This forms into the double helix.

 

buccal cells. Cells found at the inner lining of each person’s cheek

 

buccal swabs. Cotton swabs especially made for the collecting buccal cells.

 

buccal swab tests. DNA testing using DNA sample collected through the use of buccal swabs.

 

CAC. Stands for The California Association of Criminalists.

 

CACLD. Stands for The California Association of Crime Laboratory Directors.

 

CAP. Stands for College of American Pathologists. CAP gives standard proficiency tests to DNA forensic laboratories, DNA laboratories, forensic and parentage testing and medical laboratories.

 

cell. The basic and the tiniest unit or building block of life. Each cell in the body has the ability to reproduce in a process called cell division.

 

chromosome. The units in the cell that are made up of proteins and DNA into which the DNA in cells is packaged.

 

cloning. A laboratory process of reproducing identical DNA sequences.

 

cytosine (C.). One of the four monomers or building blocks of DNA.

 

DNA. Stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is found in every human cell. It stores the genetic information in all organisms.

 

DNA banking. DNA Banking is a service offered by most DNA Testing Laboratories. It is simply keeping safe DNA samples of an individual for 15 years or more. These stored DNA samples may be used for future DNA tests to test biological relationships, identification of missing persons and contesting wills or resolving estate disputes of offspring.

 

DNA profiling. DNA Profiling is a service offered by DNA Testing Laboratories. It is simply testing a DNA sample and determining the DNA profile. DNA profiles are permanent genetic codes unique to each individual. It is a genetic ID used to identify a person. DNA Test Laboratories offering DNA profiling will keep an individual’s DNA profile for future paternity testing or other biological relationship testing.

 

economy DNA Paternity Tests. Economy DNA Paternity Tests are services offered by companies who supply “free DNA kits.” Since these DNA Paternity Tests are free, clients will be asked to pay a higher fee for the DNA analysis

 

exclusion. In DNA paternity testing, it is when DNA results excludes a sample from a particular alleged father from being the possible father of the child.

 

forensic. Of or relating to biological evidences used in the courts of law.

 

forensic science. The use or application of scientific and medical knowledge in legal criminal proceedings.

 

gene. The basic unit of heredity found in every living organism.

 

gene mutation. Human genes are made up of four chemicals or nucleotides which are called adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. Genetic sequence of a person depends on the order of these four nucleotides. When a mutation occurs, one or a few of these nucleotides are missing or altered in a sequence.

 

gene pool. Refers to all of the genetic-based information available to an individual. Each individual inherited half of their genetic information from their mother and half from their father. When a mother, child, and alleged father is tested for DNA paternity, we can determine half of the genetic information inherited by the child from his mother. The other half should come from the biological father. When the DNA pattern of the child’s and that of the alleged father is compared, possible paternity will then be affirmed or negated.

 

genome. The total genetic component of a living organism.

 

guanine (G.). It is one of the four organic base, one of the four monomers or building blocks which make composes human DNA.

 

heredity. The natural and biological phenomena where biological traits are passed from one generation to the next, through the genes and DNA of parents being acquired by their offspring. Thus, biological family members, and even people in a particular ethnic group tend to have the same characteristics.

 

inclusion. In DNA paternity testing, it is when DNA results includes a sample from a particular alleged father as being the possible father of the child.

 

locus (pl. loci). Refers to the specific physical position in a chromosome where a gene or gene pair may be located.

 

mutation. An alteration in the DNA sequence that may possibly occur during cell division or reproduction.

 

nucleotide. The basic units that make up the DNA molecule. Each nucleotide contains one of the four bases, A, G, T, or C.

 

obligate gene. In the context of DNA Paternity testing, this refers to the gene that is inherited from the father to the child.

 

paternity index (PI). In DNA Paternity testing, it is the genetic probability that favors paternity of an alleged father. Paternity index is the ration between the possibility that the alleged father may have inherited the obligatory gene in comparison with that of another man passing on the obligatory gene to the child.

 

polymorphic locus. A genetic locus with many alleles present.

 

population. A certain group of individuals, ethnicity or race, whose gene patterns are collected through the sampling of members of the said group.

 

Prenatal Paternity Testing. It is the DNA paternity test done prior to the birth of the child. The two types of procedures are:

 

Chronic Villi Sampling (CVS) – perfomed between 11-15 weeks of pregnancy and done transcervically or transabdominally.

 

Amniocentesis (Amnio) - performed 15-18 weeks of pregnancy. Foetal cells are collected from the amniotic fluid which is then used for the cytogenetic analysis.

 

probability of paternity. the likelihood that an alleged father could be the possible biological father of a child.

 

protein. A substance in the human body that is made up of amino acids.

 

replication. The process of replicating or making a new DNA from an existing strand of DNA.

 

thymine (T.). It is one of the four organic base, one of the four monomers or building blocks which make composes human DNA.


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Paternity Tests In Texas News

Identigene Expands Sales of First-ever Over-the-Counter DNA Paternity Test Kit to Discount Stores and Supercenters (Business Wire via Yahoo! Finance)

SALT LAKE CITY----Identigene today announced the Identigene DNA Paternity Test Kit is now available in select discount stores and supercenters in central Texas, bringing the total number of retail locations in which the kit is sold to nearly 15,500.

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Who's Your Daddy? The Answer May Be at the Drugstore (Scientific American)

It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal wisdom--or at least confirm that he's the kid's dad. All he needs to do is shell out $30 for a paternity testing kit at his local drugstore--and another $120 to get the results. [More]

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